Engineering · 2026-10-02 · 8 min

Houston, We’ve Had a Problem: Degraded-Mode Operations Lessons from Apollo 13

When an oxygen tank failed on Apollo 13, the crew survived in a lunar module never meant to be a lifeboat, on a power budget measured in amps, with a fix built from what was already on board. That is degraded-mode operations — and it only works if the kit is aboard before the problem.

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